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[JulietTony]

ÿþWe recently reported a new UV-curable polyurethane-methacrylate (PUMA) resin that puma shoes has excellent qualities as a disposable microfluidic substrate for clinical diagnostic applications. This article discusses strategies to improve the production yield of PUMA chips that contain dense and high-aspect-ratio features, which presents unique challenges in demolding and bonding steps. These fabrication improvements were deployed to produce a microfiltration device that contained closely spaced and high-aspect-ratio columns.

We recently reported a new UV-curable polyurethane-meth-acrylate (PUMA) resin that is non-elastomeric and has excellent qualities as a disposable microfluidic substrate, especially for clinical diagnostic applications. 18 This PUMA substrate is transparent optically, resistant to biofouling, compatible with many chemicals encountered in microfluidic applications, curable to a typical thickness fenty puma (about the thickness of glass slides), bondable to form enclosed devices easily.

Providing nominally 80 mW/cm 2 at 365 nm) for 80 sec (expose through resin side), followed by an additional 40 sec (expose through mold). Once released from rihanna puma the mold, PUMA substrate was conformally bonded to another PUMA-coated (cured) glass coverslip with gentle mechanical pressure. This conformal bond was converted to permanent bond by placing the PUMA chip under the UV flood source for an additional 10 min. Material layout during molding of PUMA chip. 1 : PDMS mold; 2 .

Laser power, and spot focus need to be fine-tuned to avoid excessive melting. The sputtering problem should be readily addressable with a protective puma suede mask ( e.g. cellophane or Scotch tape) on top of critical features.Cured PUMA resin has a Shore hardness of D 60, which is significantly harder than the elastomeric PDMS (Shore A 50 for Dow Corning's Sylgard 184). For free standing, mechanically fragile features (in particular unsupported tall vertical columns or whiskers).

PDMS cannot be used as the material of fabrication because of low shear modulus; 6 the features would simply lean and topple over under gravity.Fig. 2 shows an example of features that can be fabricated in PUMA but not PDMS. Fig. 2A shows a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of a replica in PUMA resin; this test pattern for replication consists of densely spaced vertical columns alternating with solid walls. The feature height was ~40 ¼m and puma sneakers the aspect ratio of the vertical columns was ~3.5.

A 180° bend was incorporated in the design to help troubleshooting if there were directional issues in either the replication or demolding process. As evident in Fig. 2A , the columns produced in PUMA had a sharp vertical profile with no evidence of leaning.We found that for low-aspect-ratio (H/W<�1) features the cured PUMA resin could be released from the PDMS mold either by (1) peeling the mold slightly away from the cured resin or (2) wedging a scalpel between the resin and the mold to gently lift up the resin.